PHIL151 – Introduction to Philosophy

Review sheet, 2^nd exam

The second exam is Thursday Nov 15. Although anything covered in class or the assigned readings since the previous exam is fair game, what follows are the key concepts and distinctions you should focus on as you study.

Part 6 (class notes and reread chapters 25, 27-29, plus slides)

What is the difference between monotheism and polytheism?

What is the difference between an agnostic and an atheist?

What’s the difference between faith and demonstration? Why, according to Aquinas, would a faithful person nevertheless want demonstration?

How did Anselm try to prove that God exists? (Ontological argument)

How did Aquinas try to prove that God exists? (5 ways)

How is the “argument from evil” meant to work as a refutation of God’s existence? What are some other reasons to doubt God’s existence?

Part 5 (class notes and reread chapters 19-20, 22-24, plus slides)

What is Plato’s definition of justice? How does Plato argue that it is in one’s self-interest to be just?

What is utilitarianism? How does Mill try to reform Bentham’s theory?

What is Kantian duty-based ethics? How do we figure out our moral obligations? (Categorical imperative)

What is Aristotle’s virtue theory? How does he define courage?

What is Aristotle’s model of moral self-development?