Teaching Competency Portfolio
for Preservice Teachers
John D. Marvelle, Ed. D.
Department of Elementary & Early Childhood
Education
Bridgewater State College,
Bridgewater, MA
© 1997 by
John D. Marvelle, All Rights Reserved.
As the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and other states move toward
performance-based teacher certification, it is becoming necessary for
preservice teachers to learn how to create portfolios that go beyond the
typical "job-search" design to provide evidence of teaching
competencies.
A Teaching Competency
Portfolio is a collection of selected artifacts and evidence and accompanying
commentaries and reflections that are organized to document your experiences,
content and "teaching" knowledge and skills as an educator.
The purpose of this
publication is to help students in Bridgewater State College's teacher
certification programs to develop Teaching Competency Portfolios, that display
evidence of their content knowledge and teaching competencies and that help
them gain insight into their teaching practices.
What
is a Teaching Competency Portfolio?
It is an organized collection of artifacts that presents the many dimensions of
your work as a teaching professional including: planning, teaching, dialoguing,
creating, and reflecting. It is a
display of artifacts selected from your Working Portfolio and accompanying
commentary and reflection about each of the items. It is a collection of artifacts that provides evidence that you
have attained specific teaching competencies.
Why
Create a Competency Portfolio?
The preparation of a Teaching Competency Portfolio gives you an opportunity to
reflect on your teaching practices and your growth as a professional educator.
A Teaching Competency Portfolio is a valuable "tool" that you can use
to share your competencies with teaching certification boards, with those
writing references for you, and even prospective employers.
How
do I begin?
To create a Teaching Competency Portfolio you must first keep a Working
Portfolio. The most common portfolio used in higher education is the
"Working" Portfolio. A
Working Portfolio typically has an informal look, often simply a file folder or
box, containing assignments and other artifacts.
Step
1: Identify the Required Competencies
You should become familiar with the Principles for Effective Teaching and the
examples of descriptors. For the most current list, visit the Massachusetts Department
of Education's web page at www.doe.mass.edu/
The Principle of Effective
Teaching should become the framework on which you should build your
"personal" curriculum.
Your personal curriculum
should influence everything you do from the books you read, the experiences in
which you get involved, to the questions you ask in class. All of your actions
should be directed toward helping you achieve the competencies required of a
highly skilled teacher.
Of course, the goal of your
personal curriculum should not be to simply meet the Principles, but to go
beyond them. Good teachers don't just meet the standards--they strive to exceed
them. Good teachers don't simply check off competencies--they seek to deepen
their understanding of learning and teaching.
Interns should build their
Competency Portfolios on the Principles of Effective Teaching and their
school's goals.
Step
2: Collect Everything; Sift Later
Collecting is a critical step in creating a portfolio. Without
"stuff," it is difficult to provide tangible evidence.
Immediately designate a box
for your "stuff".
Locate old artifacts (i.e.,
papers you wrote, photographs from previous teaching experiences) and put them
into your newly created Working Portfolio box.
During your daily teaching,
save artifacts (i.e., lesson plans), gather evidence (i.e., videotapes of a
lesson in action and samples of student work) and attach dated reflections to
each piece of evidence.
Save award certificates or
congratulatory notes that you receive and news items that feature you or a
project that you worked on.
In other words, gather and save
anything that you might use to document your progress and, eventually, your
accomplishments. By the time you are ready to create your Teaching Competency
Portfolio your Working Portfolio should have many artifacts that you will use
to provide evidence of your content knowledge and teaching skills. A quality
Working Portfolio gathers three types of items: artifacts, evidence, and ideas
that will support your teaching competencies.
Working
Portfolio: The Artifacts
Continuously gather samples of your work and keep them in your Working
Portfolio. Examples of things to save are: A lesson you designed (that
reflects your teaching philosophy) An "assessment" procedure you
constructed and used A teaching artifact you created, i.e., a game or
"adaptive" device A piece of software you developed A newspaper
article about you or a class project Award certificates A
"pre-referral" plan for a student in need of class modifications
Membership certificates Artifacts from education-related experiences, such
as, camp photographs or a speech you gave at Toastmasters Published works or
communication pieces you wrote Hobby artifacts or artifacts from unique
experiences, such as, photographs of an unusual or educational trip
Working
Portfolio: Evidence
Continuously gather samples of evidence of your teaching skills and keep them
in your Working Portfolio. Some "evidence" gathering techniques
include: "Selected verbatim" [a word-for-word transcript of an
aspect of a specific lesson] "Verbal Flow" [a technique that
documents the "flow" of the dialogue between you and your students
during a specific lesson] An audiotape demonstrating your skill with a second
language Samples of children's work that you have stimulated Action-research
projects focusing on a specific teaching strategy A "case"
description of a problem you faced and your solution Results from a student
and/or parent survey about your classroom A tape (audio or video) of a lesson
Photographs of a lesson in action Supervisor's Evaluations Parent and
student thank-you notes or commendations
Working
Portfolio: Ideas
Continuously write down your ideas, date them, and include them in your Working
Portfolio. Some examples are: A page of "I believe children learn best
when..." statements Yearly Update of Goals & Objectives Your notes
and thoughts on a workshop you attended Your thoughts on an article you read
A statement of your discipline philosophy A diagram and description of
classroom environment A daily journal reflecting on your teaching A written
self-evaluation on a particular lesson you taught
Step
3: Reflect on Your Work
Periodically, take some time to organize the stuff in your Working Portfolio
box and reflect on your teaching practices and your progress.
You may find it helpful to
start a file folder for each Principle (paste the Principle and its Examples on
the outside of the folder). Keep the folders in the Working Portfolio box.
As often as you can, write
"running" notes to yourself about things you are doing to achieve
each competency and place them in the appropriate folder. Refer to specific
artifacts (i.e., a "verbal flow") in your notes; however, keep the
artifacts/evidence in the Working Portfolio box so that you can refer to them
when documenting other competencies.
By reflecting on your
practices and progress, your Working Portfolio becomes more than a scrapbook or
a box of stuff.
Step
4: Turn Your Working Portfolio into a Teaching Competency Portfolio
The second most common type of portfolio in higher education is the
"Showcase".
A Showcase Portfolio
typically has a formal look, often a 3-ring binder, containing selected
artifacts and reflections.
Preservice teachers
typically create Showcase Portfolios to use during job interviews. These
portfolios typically contain a resume; a statement of educational philosophy;
lesson plans, and pictures of teaching experiences.
A Teaching Competency Portfolio
is a Showcase Portfolio that provides evidence of your teaching competencies.
A Competency Portfolio is
designed to stand alone as proof of your teaching competencies.
A Competency Portfolio must
document your competencies. Your challenge is to convince readers of your
knowledge and skills, but not overwhelm them with unnecessary words or
artifacts. Present each competency and your evidence in an understandable,
concise manner.
The best way to prove your competencies is to provide evidence. Sometimes
evidence is hard to gather. In these cases, your words will serve as your
evidence.
The
Teaching Competency Portfolio Structure
Table of Contents [with page numbers and dividers]
Introductory Statement The purpose of the Introductory Statement is to
inform readers of the purpose of the portfolio (i.e., to provide evidence that
would qualify you for initial teacher certification) and to describe how it is
organized.
Presentation of Evidence [Organized by competency] In this section state
each Principle for Effective Teaching and follow each statement with a
discussion of how you attained it. Select evidence and artifacts from your
Working Portfolio that best support your claim and make
commentaries/reflections as to how that piece of evidence shows that you have
attained a competency. Throughout this
discussion refer to evidence and artifacts presented in your Appendix. In other
words, make your claim that you have achieved each competency while providing
the evidence in the Appendix.
Appendix In the Appendix you will organize and present your
artifacts. Your Appendix may be the final section of your 3-ring binder or a
collection of file folders in a separate Appendix box. Most artifacts should be
organized as separate appendices; however, artifacts that go together may be
clustered into one appendix. Each
artifact should have a statement "posted" on it. This statement
should describe the artifact and offer a commentary/reflection about it. These
"post-it" sized comments guide readers through your Appendix
explaining artifacts and providing written evidence of your thinking.
Use
the following format to make your case:
·
Principle Title: State
the title of the Principle
·
Principle of Effective Teaching: State the Principle.
·
Examples of Descriptors:
State the examples of descriptors. Note that each of Principles has sample
descriptors. These descriptors are offer ways to show evidence that a standard
has been met. Descriptors are not standards in and of themselves.
·
Achievement Strategy:
Write a short narrative that shares your understanding of the Principle (and
its importance) and discusses actions you took to develop associated
competency. This should be about one page in length.
·
Evidence of Achievement:
In a bulleted list/short-explanation format, present evidence that documents
your attainment of this specific Principle. Refer to the artifacts in the
Appendix (i.e., see Appendix C: Verbal Flow) instead of including the actual
evidence within this section. This narrative should be 1-2 pages in length. Be
concise, but also be sure that you explain each artifact or piece of evidence.
You should present each of
the required Principles in this fashion.
Step 5: Enhancing the Content!
It is important to know your messages and present them throughout your
portfolio - in your philosophy, through your visuals, and in your reflections.
Be up-to-date: Make sure that the ideas that you express are consistent with
latest research and current best practices Arrange your artifacts and
evidence in a thoughtful manner Only include artifacts that provide evidence
of your skills or insight into your teaching ideas. Explain each artifact and share your thinking through the
post-it-sized comments Proof read and have several "critical"
friends proof read.
Step 6: Enhancing the Look!
A good-looking portfolio will help show off your evidence. Organize your
portfolio into a 3-ring binder and Appendix box. Use a binder that allows you
to insert a personalized cover Use a Table of Contents, sections dividers,
and page numbers Word-process all text Use photographs and computer
graphics to add color Emphasize key points with bullets, text styles, color,
and sizes
Step 7: Evaluate Your Portfolio
· Ask yourself the following questions:
· Is my learning/teaching philosophy expressed in my portfolio consistent with best practices? Review the Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks at www.doe.mass.edu
· Did I place a "Post-it” sized comment on each artifact and do they explain the artifact and offer a refection of my learning/teaching philosophy?
· Do the photographs provide visual evidence of my beliefs in action rather than fluff?
· Does my portfolio show my growth as a professional and my belief in life-long learning?
· Is my portfolio attractive: neat, organized, free of errors, and inviting?
·
Remember why you are
creating a Teaching Competency Portfolio.
·
Work with a critical,
constructive friend.
·
Organize your portfolio
by required teaching competencies.
·
Be selective with your
artifacts! It's quality, not quantity.
·
Use "post-it”
sized comments to help readers understand each artifact and to "hear"
your thinking.
·
Use photographs to help
readers "see" your beliefs in action.
·
Find ways to show how
you have grown as a professional.
·
Have a good proofreader
review your Teaching Competency Portfolio.
·
Keep an active Working
Portfolio even after you've finished your Teaching Competency Portfolio.
·
Start collecting today!
© 1997 by John D. Marvelle, All Rights Reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the author.
Written requests to distribute this text should be sent to Dr. John Marvelle,
Department of Elementary & Early Childhood Education, Bridgewater State College,
Bridgewater, MA 02325. E-mail requests may be sent to: jmarvelle@bridgew.edu
Bridgewater State College professors may photocopy this document for use in
their courses.
I would like to thank the many educators who shared their insights and
experiences with portfolios and offered suggestions for this publication. This
list includes: Kelly Buxton, Sarah Crowley, Jennifer Dort, Beth King, Kristie
Lambalot, Elise Marvelle, Erica Morrill, Dr. Joanne Newcombe, Dr. Charles
Robinson, Barbara Watts, Laurie White, and Jamie Vient.
The research behind this publication was made possible because of a generous
grant from CART, the Center for the Advancement of Research & Teaching at Bridgewater
State College and as a result of the support and encouragement of the
Eisenhower-supported B3 Collaborative.